Projector



E. L. GILMORE.

PROJECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV= 6. 1918.

1,345,084. Patented J 11116 29, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

5V WM ZU E. L. GILMORE.

PROJECTOR.

APPLlCATION FILED NOV-6,1918.

1 845,084. Patented June 29, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mm n

25 3/ A9 o 24 2 1' .4 a 1 J 33 I I 7 27 26 E. L. GILMORE.

PROJECTOR.

l \PPLIC A'HON FILED NOV 6, 191B.

Patented June 29, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Arrk

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EARL MO E. 0 SAN ammo, CALIFORNIA, ssleu a o VITASLIDE c mm-NY. ,o SANFRANQ Q A F R I a FIRM- m r-"0a;

2 Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 1920 Application filedNovember 6, 1918; Serial No. 262,261.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EARL L. GILMORE, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of San Francisco, State of California,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Projectors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in projectors and the like whereina weight operates in conjunction with a magnet .to continuously rotate atransparent image carrying element between the objective and thecondensing lenses of a projector.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a simple,cheap and effective mechanism for operating a projector and slidetherefor slowly and continuously.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an improvedprojector oper: ated by gravity, said gravity operating means alsooperating a magnetic mechanism at regular intervals for resetting thegravity operating means.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide an improvedmechanism for making and breaking an electrical contact magneticallywith suchflrapidity as to reduce sparking and consequent. erosion ofcontacts to a minimum, thereby eliminating the necessity for, expensivecontact points and consequently reducing 1 6 00st of producing theprojector.- A still further object of the present invention is toprovide means for maintaining a contactto produce a continued flow ofelectrical energy through a solenoid during the full stroke of the corethereof whereby said core may operate to reset a gravity operated devicewhich in turn operates torotate a transparent image carrying element.

I accomplish theseand several other ob-.

j ects by means of the device disclosed in the drawings forming a partof the present specification wherein like characters of reference areused to des gnate sim lar parts throughout the said specification anddraw-.

ings, and in.which 'Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improvedprojector;

Fig. 2 is a view taken on line of Fig. 1 in the direction indicated; 1

Fig. 3 is an enlarged broken sectional view of the operating mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a partly broken elevation 9f the ntes ing device;

Fig. .5 is a plan view of the contacting device; and i i Fig. 6 is avertical sectional view of the heat operated means for breaking thecurrent for operating the operating mechanism.

Referring to the drawings the numeral 1 is used to designate a suitableframe upon which is mounted a lantern housing 2. having the usual lamptherein as indicated in dottedilines in Fig. 1 of the drawin'gs.

The lantern 2 isv provided with a suitable condensing lens 4 with whichis alined an objective lens within a barrel 6 slidably mounted upon aplate 7 secured to the top of a suitable. support 8 secured to theframe 1. 1 V

A transparent image carrying disk 9 is rotatably mounted upon theupperend of a suitable standard 11 and operatively connected to a frictionalratchet 12 arranged concentric therewith. 1 v

The ratchet 12 is provided with diametrically opposed arms 14 and 14'and: to the outer end of the arm 14 is suspended, by means of a suitableconnecting link 16, a stem 17 having aweight 18 and the core 19 of asolenoid magnet 21 secured thereto.

. A sleeve 22 is 'slidably mounted. upon the stem 17 and is providedwith a magnetically influenced steel collar 23 having a pin 24 to whichis attached .a spring contact closing member 25. the purposeandoperation of which will hereinafter be more fully described.

An insulating collar .26 is mounted in the central aperture of thesolenoid 21 and a spring 27 is interposed between the said collar 26 andthe collar 23 on the sleeve 22. p

The sleeve 22 is insulated from the stem 17 by means of an inner tube 28of suitable insulating material. v

Mounted within an insulating block 31 upon the solenoid 21 aretwo'parallelicontacts 32 and 32 whichfare arranged'within the downwardpath of the contact closing member 25 carried the collar 23 on thesleeve 22. I

A circuit breaking device comprises an inverted cup 33 of suitableinsulating ma,- terial containing mercury 34 held in posi-' tion byparafiin or similar substance as shown at 36. Extending through the topof the cup 33 and into the mercury same two binding posts 37' and 37'.The cup 33 is, als mounted upon the so no 1, th

purpose and operation of which cup will hereinafter be more fullydescribed.

A wire leads from the source of electrical energy not shown, to one ofthe binding posts 37, to conduct a current through the mercury 34' tothe other binding post '37 the stem 39 of a piston 41 apert ured as at42. The apertures 42 are'normally closed by means of a weight-valve 43.The piston "41 is slidably mounted within a suitable cylinder 44connected to the frame 1 and is filled with a fluid, preferablykerosene.

In operation the weight 18 and core 19 of the solenoid are actuated bygravity to operate the frictional ratchet 12 and rotate the disk 9. Thespeed of the disk 9 is normally retarded by the fluid 45 which resiststhe movement of the piston 41 within the cylinder 44.

There is sufficient clearance between the piston 41 and the cylinder 44to permit the passage ofonly a smallportion of fluid, therefore themovement of the pistonis retarded and the disk 9 moves very slowly.

As the'weight 18 and the core 19 of the solenoid 21 move downwardly thelower end of the weight 18 engages the collar 23 and moves the contactclosing member 25 clownwardly until said member 25 makes contact withthe contacts 32 and 32 thereby closing a circuit through the solenoid 21and energizing the same. The energizing of the solenoid 21 immediatelyattracts the steel collar 23 and thereby actuates thejsame to move thecontacts 25 with greater pressure against the pins 32 and 32, therebyinsuring a proper contact between said contact member 25.and pins 32 and32 to prevent arcing and consequent erosion of said contact 25 and pins.1

' The resiliency of the spring contact member 25 holds said contact inposition, thereby insuring a flow of the full. strength of the currentthrough the solenoid 21 until released by the upward movement of thesolenoid'core 19 in a manner hereinafter more fully described, As theweight 18 is moved upward and as the ratchet 12 is reversed the ratchetis automatically released from the disk 9 in a manner well known in thestate of the art, and the piston 41 is moved downwardly against thefluid 45 and the resulting pressure raises the weight valve 43 from theapertures 42 to permit the passage of fluid through said'apertures 42thereby permitting a quick return movement of said piston 4-1 andconsequently a rapid resetting at the gravity operated mechanismcomprising the weight 18 and the core19 of the solenoid 21.

As the core 19 moves upwardly an insulating washer 46 on the -upper endthereof strikes the bottom of the insulating tube 28 and thereby movesthe contact closing member 25 out of contact with the contacts 32 and 32and the spring 27 also operates to move said contactimember 25 away fromsaid contacts 32 and 32.

If for any reason the member 25. should remain in contact with thecontacts 32, 32 the resulting heat generated within'the solenoid 21 willmelt the paraflin 36 within the cup 33 and thereby permit the loweringof the mercury 34 to break electrical connection between the bindingposts 37 and 37 and thereby deenergize the solenoid 21 and prevent thesame from burning out.

The rapid release or breaking of contact between the member 25 and thecontacts 32 and 32 prevents arcing and erosion of the member 25. w 7

It is evident that each time the weight 18 is lowered to make contactbetween the member 25 and the contacts 32 and 32 the solenoid 21 will beenergized to raise the weight 18 and reset the gravity operatedmechanism as well as the fluid retarding means. 1 I

From the foregoing it is obvious that the projector may be operated bygravity and said gravity operated mechanism is reset at regularintervals bythe energizing of the solenoid. j

Therefore; a very small quantity of current only will be required atgreat intervals to keep the disk 9 in motion. V 7 'In projectorsformerly constructed, the movement of the image carrying disk'isinternrittent, and the image is thus held before V the spectator aconsiderable length: of time,

without any indication that subsequent images are to, be projected. thisan rangement the spectators attention is diverted so that he may loseinterest in the images that are to follow. On the contrary,

it is seen that my projector is so constructed that an image producedthereby always moves slowly and continuously, thuspresenting beforethe'spectator one ofa series of constantly changing pictures, in which asubsequent picture comes into view before the preceding picture hasdisappeared, and thus holding the attention and the interest of thespectator to the utmost.

Having thus described my'invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by'Letters Patent is V i 1. A projector comprising a lantern; an

objective lens alined' with the lantern; a transparent image carryingelement arranged between the lantern and the lens; and gravity operatedmeans for moving the image carrying element between thelantern therein;an objective lens alinedwith the condensing lensand lantern; atransparent lmage carrying element rotatably mounted between thecondensing and objective lenses; gravity operated means for. rotatingthe image carrying element; and magnetic means operatively connected to,the gravity operated means for. instantly resetting the same at regularintervals; 1

3. A magnetic projector comprising a lantern'having a suitablecondensing. lens therein; an objective lens alined with the condensinglens and lantern; a transparent image carrying element rotatably mountedbetween the condensing and objective lenses gravity operated means forcontinuously rotating the image carrying element; and magneticallyoperated means operatively connected to and actuated by the gravityoperated means for instantly resetting said gravity operated means atregular intervals to effect a substantially continuous rotation. 42. Amagnetic projector comprising a lantern having asuitable condensinglens; an objective lens alined with the condensing lens; a transparentimage carrying element rotatably mounted between the lenses; a gravityactuated means for rotating the image carrying element; a solenoid; acore slidably mounted within the solenoid and operatively connected tothe gravity actuated means; and a contact closing element slidablymounted upon the gravity actuated means and adapted to be actuated bythe said means to close a circuit through the solenoid to actuate thecore thereof to reset the gravity operated means and to retain thecontact closing means in operative position until released by themovement of the core.

5. A magnetic projector comprising a lantern having a suitablecondensing lens therein; an objective lens alined with the condensinglens and in spaced relation thereto; a circular transparent image can.rying element rotatably mounted with one side thereof between thelenses; gravity operated means operatively connected to the imagecarrying element and adapted to rotate said element; retarding meansoperatively connected to the gravity operated means to control the speedof the same; and magnetically operated means for instantly resetting thegravity operated means and the retarding means connected thereto atregular intervals.

6. A magnetic projector comprising a lantern having a suitablecondensing lens therein; an objective lens alined with the condensinglens and in spaced relation .thereto; a circular transparent imagecarrying element rotatably mounted with one side thereofbetween thelenses; gravity operated. means operatively connected to the imagecarrying elementand adapted to continuously rotate said element;retarding means operatively connected-to the gravity operated means. tocontrol the speedof the same; magnetically operated means for instantlyresetting the gravity operated means and the retarding means connectedthereto at regular intervals; a source of electrical energy; and means,operated by the gravity operated means for connecting the source ofelectrical energy with the magnetically operated means at regular.intervals to "reset the gravity operated means and theretarding 'Ineanstherefor 7. A magnetic projector comprising a lantern havinga suitable.condensing lens; an objective lens alined with thecondensing lens;-atransparent image carrying disk rotatably mounted between the lenses; africtional'ratchet operatively connected to the disk; gravity operatedmeans operatively connected to the ratchet and adapted to rotate thedisk continuously; retarding means operatively connected'to the gravityoperated means to control the speed of said means; and magneticallyoperated means actuated by the gravity operated means at regularintervals for instantly resetting said means and the retarding means;

8. A magnetic projector comprising a lantern having a suitablecondensing lens; an objective lens alined with the condensing lens; atransparent image carrying element rotatablymounted between the lenses;gravity operated means operatively connected to thetransparntelement andadapted to normally rotate the same continuously between the lenses; afluid retarding means operatively connected to the gravity operatedmeans to control the speed thereof; and magnetically operated meansactuated by the gravity operated means at regular intervals to reset thegravity operated means and the fluid retarding means therefor.

'9. A magnetic projector comprising a lantern having a suitablecondensing lens; an objective lens alined with the condensing lens; atransparent image carrying disk rotatably mounted between the lenses; africtional ratchet operatively connected to the disk; a gravity operatedmeans operatively connected to the frictional ratchet to rotate thedisk; a fluid retarding means operatively connected to the frictionalratchet to retard the speed of the disk; a solenoid mag net arrangedbeneath the gravity operated means; a source of electrical energy; meansoperated by the gravityoperated means for connecting the source ofelectrical energy with the solenoid at regular intervals to in stantlyreset the gravity operated means and 10. A magnetic projector comprisinga lantern having a suitable condensing lens therein; an objective lensalined with the condensing lens; a transparent image carrying diskrotatably mounted within one side thereof between the lenses; africtional ratchet operatively connected with the disk;

a Weight operatively connected to the ratchet and adapted to rotate thedisk continuously; a fluid retarding mechanism operatively connectedtothe ratchet to retard the speed thereof; a solenoid magnet arrangedbelowthe weight; asource of electrical energy; and means operated by theweight at regular intervals to connect the source of electrical energywith 'and thereby energize the solenoid to raise and thereby instantlyreset the weight and the fluid retarding means. 7

11. A magnetic projector comprising a lantern having a suitablecondensing lens therein; an objective lens alined with the condensinglens; a, transparent image carry-- ing disk rotatably mounted betweenthe lenses; a frictioneratchet operatively connected to the disk andarranged to rotate the same when turned in one direction; asolenoidmagnet; a source of electrical energy; a pair of contacts one of whichis connected to the-solenoid and the other to the electrical source ofenergy; a solenoid core slidably mounted within the solenoid andconnected to the ratchet; a weight connected to the core and ratchetwhereby said ratchet may be operated by the combined weight of the saidcore and weight to'rotate the disk; a fluid retarding means operativelyconnected to the weight; a sleeve slidably connected to the core andweight and insulated therefrom; a suitable spring supporting the sleeve;a contact closing element mounted upon the sleeve and arranged to passbetween and connect with the contacts when the weight and core arelowered by gravity and thereby energize the solenoid to raise the corethereof and the weight to reset the said weight and the fluid retardingmeans and to remove the contact closing element from between thecontacts and thereby deenergize the solenoid.

In witness whereof I hereunto nature. 7

set my sig- EARL L. GILMORE.

